German modal verbs are essential for expressing attitudes like ability or permission. In the present tense, they follow two unique rules: the "ich" and "er/sie/es" forms are identical and have no ending, and most change their stem vowel in the singular.
In a standard sentence, the modal verb is conjugated in the second position. The main verb stays in its infinitive form (ending in -en) and moves to the very end of the sentence.
Ich kann ihn heute besuchen. (I can visit him today.)
Darf ich heute Tennis spielen? (Am I allowed to play tennis today?)
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